Regular nouns form the plural by adding -s to the singular form:
Singular + s = Plural
table + s = tables
truck + s = trucks
elephant + s = elephants
Some plurals are formed by changing the singular ending in an irregular way:
-y → -ies ability → abilities
memory → memories
party → parties
-s → -es cross → crosses
loss → losses
mass → masses
-f or -fe → -ves thief → thieves
shelf → shelves
life → lives
-on → -a criterion → criteria
phenomenon → phenomena
-um → -a bacterium → bacteria
millennium → millennia
-us → -i focus → foci
nucleus → nuclei
-a → -ae amoeba → amoebae
formula → formulae
-o → -oes echo → echoes
hero → heroes
tomato → tomatoes
But:
radio → radios
video → videos
-is → -es analysis → analyses
crisis → crises
-ex or -ix→ -ices index → indices
matrix → matrices
Singular + s = Plural
table + s = tables
truck + s = trucks
elephant + s = elephants
Some plurals are formed by changing the singular ending in an irregular way:
-y → -ies ability → abilities
memory → memories
party → parties
-s → -es cross → crosses
loss → losses
mass → masses
-f or -fe → -ves thief → thieves
shelf → shelves
life → lives
-on → -a criterion → criteria
phenomenon → phenomena
-um → -a bacterium → bacteria
millennium → millennia
-us → -i focus → foci
nucleus → nuclei
-a → -ae amoeba → amoebae
formula → formulae
-o → -oes echo → echoes
hero → heroes
tomato → tomatoes
But:
radio → radios
video → videos
-is → -es analysis → analyses
crisis → crises
-ex or -ix→ -ices index → indices
matrix → matrices